What Are Internal Links?
Internal links are hyperlinks between two or more pages on your website. Although often done to link to relevant content assets or to encourage users to explore more of your site, internal linking can also be used to spread the authority to key pages.
Why Are Internal Links Important?
They enable search engines to find your content, and you can’t be found in search results without that.
Although you can submit sitemaps and ping search engines when new content is published, the main method is for crawlers to hit your homepage and then crawl from there.
Most websites are set up so that if you create a page (blog post, product, etc.) then it will be added to your blog roll, product category, sitemap or somewhere else on your site. If you create a page and there are no links to it, then it simply won’t be found by crawlers.
These pages which can’t be found are orphaned pages. You may well have created some intentionally for PPC landing pages, email campaigns and other “hidden” resources – but in general you want your URLs to be found.
For SEO
Earlier in the year, we asked SEO experts the most underrated ranking factors for 2022 and to no surprise 4 of the experts said how important internal linking is. Here at Koozai we have seen many clients get improvements in rankings by improving their internal linking.
Internal links are like a guide for Google. Google follows links and this means that spiders will follow your internal links to crawl through the pages on your website. If a page on your site has lots of internal links Google will go there often and if a page doesn’t have lots of links Google will not see this page as being important. You can show Google what are the most important pages on your website by having relevant internal links pointing to them.
Combined with your folder structure and hierarchy, the internal linking structure helps crawlers understand which pages are associated with each other.
There is also the matter of what the link anchor text is, and it has been confirmed that this is taken into account.
For menu linking and categorisation this will be done naturally, but this can become an issue with image links and links within content.
Images and banners with links in would ideally be coded in HTML so the text can be read properly. If this can’t be done, then you can apply alt tags and text to the links on images to help give context.
Links in content (sometimes called contextual links) are more straight forward. Like writing blogs and building links, you can link when you use the keyword anchor text, but make sure you aren’t being spammy and write for the user first.
Looking at a piece of example text from our homepage, here are examples of good and bad contextual internal linking.
Good Example:
“Specialising in search engine optimisation (SEO), content marketing, digital PR and paid search and social, we’re here to help you launch your brand into the stratosphere.”
Bad Example:
“Specialising in search engine optimisation (SEO), content marketing in Southampton, digital PR and paid search and social, we’re here to help you launch your brand into the stratosphere.”
The bad example is indicative of link building methods from pre-Penguin days and doesn’t make sense to the user.
For UX
Above we mentioned the user a few times, and good SEO should always take this into account.
In terms of internal linking, the main points are context and relevancy. If your content talks about a certain product or service, then you can link to it when mentioned.
Think of these like information CTAs, giving the user opportunity to find out more easily and quickly. This helps users remain informed and can help push to conversion. Sometimes this may mean linking externally, but in this case you can set the link to open a new tab so that they aren’t navigating fully away from your site.
Reasons Your Internal Linking Might Not Work
We know not all links are equal, but there are a few points you need to watch out for when working on internal linking on your site.
Blocked Pages
There are numerous ways to block pages with robots.txt files, meta headers, canonicals, etc. If you are pointing internal links to pages which are blocked, then these could be disregarded completely or have reduced impact.
Redirects
An inevitable fact on any site, redirects can keep the user journey working, but they are an extra step for crawlers. Making sure your links are coded correctly and avoid redirects can help with speed, crawl budgets and generally keep your site healthy. This can seem like busy work, but if you spend hours cleaning up your external link profile, why shouldn’t you fix what you have control of?
User-Submission
Users can often interact with different site components to get to different areas. This can be from drop down boxes, different filters or through custom search features. Some of these will require a submit action, which crawlers don’t do – so they won’t get crawled!
If your category filters or other functions are active and load the page on the click rather than a submit/confirmation, then they will most likely be crawled. If you are reliant too much on your users narrowing searches down with these ‘submit’ style actions, then you could be heavily reducing your internal linking possibilities.
Javascript
Javascript can cause problems for crawlers still, particularly when it comes to internal links.
They can be uncrawlable or devalued, depending on your build, so it is best to view your site with Javascript disabled to see how a crawler can actually navigate your site. This could range from a few internal links being ignored to your whole menu and site hierarchy being ignored. For larger sites, you can use our personal favourite tool – Screaming Frog – and compare crawls with and without Javascript enabled.
Cloaking
A thoroughly outdated practice, but it can still be seen from time to time. Don’t create links which are hidden offscreen to users. This can occasionally come into play with improperly coded responsive sites, but it is rare.
Link Amounts
Too much can be a bad thing for many aspects of SEO. While too many links on a page isn’t strictly bad, it can be unnecessary. Crawlers work top to bottom and will stop after a few hundred internal links on one page.
You should also just link a reasonable amount, rather than every single mention, such as in well cited articles. If you are talking about “SEO Services”, then you will probably mention it a few times in the content, but you only need to link the first time, not every time.
The precise amount is vague and depends on numerous factors, but the rough crawl limit for links on a page is 150. Some pages will get crawled further, but it’s wise to get your important links higher up or your links could be ignored.
I-Frames
I-frames are often a nightmare for SEO, but they are still frequently used – for third-party services and plug-ins in particular. Whilst links in I-frames can theoretically be crawled, they are also technically on different URLs to the rest of the page. It is best to keep your important internal linking within the crawler-friendly HTML rather than I-frames.
Plug-ins
Linked to some of the other factors above, building sites with plug-ins can save time and money, but they often have unwanted side effects. One of these is that they can incorporate I-frames, unknown scripts, and third-party code which can affect if links are crawlable. There are too many cases to mention here, but if you are looking for some of the points above, they can often be traced back to plug-ins.
SEO Best Practices For Internal Linking
Give your more important pages more links and work in a hierarchical structure.
Make sure that your more important links are higher up the page.
Use anchor text where applicable, but write for humans, not bots.
Try to encode images in HTML, or use alt text for them.
Reduce orphaned pages to zero unless they are hidden for a reason.
Make sure that the link target is an indexable page.
Don’t count links behind user submitted forms and search functions.
Avoid linking to redirects.
Don’t hide links to artificially increase the count.
Keep link numbers relatively low and don’t create multiple links to the same target from one page.
Ensure third party code doesn’t conflict with your internal linking, such as I-frames, plug-ins, forms, etc.
Summary
It might look like a lot to keep on top of, but the bulk of the points above are easily managed and once done will require only minimal upkeep. The most time consuming part will be going back over your old content and making sure you have relevant internal links.
As with many aspects of SEO, the focus is on crawlability and usability of your site. If it feels wrong or frustrating from a user perspective, then the search engine crawlers probably aren’t having a good time either.
The hardest part can be identifying the work to be done rather than carrying it out, so if you need help with your internal linking or general SEO, get in touch with us today.
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